What is Darwinian fitness?

If in a population,the number of organisms added by $B + I$ is less than the number of organisms lost by $D + E$ at time $t$,but the population size $N$ at time $t+1$ is $10$ times greater than the initial population size,which of the following characteristics can be inferred?

Read the following statements and determine how many of them are correct:
$(1)$ Population is the total number of individuals of a species in a given area at a given time.
$(2)$ Developed countries show a low birth rate.
$(3)$ An equal proportion of reproductive and post-reproductive age individuals indicates a stable population.
$(4)$ In the presence of limited resources,the growth curve is sigmoid ($S$-shaped).

The population of an insect species shows an explosive increase in numbers during the rainy season,followed by its disappearance at the end of the season. What does this show?

Match the following columns:

Column-$I$ (Value of $r$)	Column-$II$ (Example)
$P. 0.12$	$I$. Flour beetle
$Q. 0.015$	$II$. Norway rat
$R. 0.0205$	$III$. Human population in India in $1981$

According to which theory will the human population outrun the food supply?